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Chapter 29.
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N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV)
N_Port ID Virtualization (NPIV) is a function available with some Fibre Channel devices. NPIV shares
a single physical N_Port as multiple N_Port IDs. NPIV provides similar functionality for Host Bus
Adaptors (HBAs) that SR-IOV provides for network interfaces. With NPIV, virtualized guests can be
provided with a virtual Fibre Channel initiator to Storage Area Networks (SANs).
N_Ports are addressed with a 24 bit N_Port ID, which is assigned by the Fibre Channel switch.
Why use NPIV
• Without NPIV virtualized guests must share an HBA's WWN on the SAN. With NPIV, it is possible to
use LUN masking and zoning for virtualized guest.
• With NPIV migration with zones and LUN masking is possible.
• Physical HBAs are expensive and use an expansion slot. With NPIV, more guests can access SAN
resources and guest density can be increased.
Each N_Port has a unique identity (port WWN and node WWN) on the SAN and can be used for
zoning and LUN masking. Soft zoning, which you can use to group ports together by port WWN, is the
preferred method of zoning.
29.1. Enabling NPIV on the switch
Enabling the NPIV on a Fibre Channel port on a switch
admin> portcfgshow 0
......
NPIV capability ON
......
Usage
portCfgNPIVPort <PortNumber> <Mode>
Mode Meaning
0 Disable the NPIV capability on the port
1 Enable the NPIV capability on the port
Example:
admin> portCfgNPIVPort 0 1
29.1.1. Identifying HBAs in a Host System
To determine the types of HBAs in the system, enter the following command:
# ls /proc/scsi
QLogic HBAs are listed as qla2xxx. Emulex HBAs are listed as lpfc.
QLogic Example
# ls /proc/scsi/qla2xxx
Emulex Example
# ls /proc/scsi/lpfc
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 1
- Virtualization Guide 1
- Edition 1 2
- 1. Document Conventions 7
- 1.2. Pull-quote Conventions 9
- 1.3. Notes and Warnings 9
- 2. We need your feedback 10
- Introduction 11
- Virtualized CPUs (VCPUs) 13
- Emulated graphics devices 13
- Emulated system components 13
- Emulated sound devices 14
- Emulated network drivers 14
- Emulated storage drivers 14
- 1.5. Storage 16
- 1.7. Migration 17
- 1.8. V2V 18
- System requirements, support 19
- Hat Enterprise Linux 6 19
- System requirements 21
- File-based guest storage 22
- KVM compatibility 23
- Virtualization limitations 25
- 4.3. Application limitations 26
- Part II. Installation 29
- Need help installing? 31
- %packages 34
- Enterprise Linux system 35
- $ virt-install --help 37
- # virt-install \ 38
- # vim ifcfg-installation 47
- DEVICE=installation 47
- Disable iptables on bridges 49
- 2. Select the bridge 50
- Installing guests with PXE 51
- 3. Start the installation 51
- http://www.rhn.redhat.com 53
- Image files and SELinux 56
- Migration 58
- Enterprise Linux 5 69
- 8.2. Using virt-manager 70
- Verify the configuration 78
- 9.2. Installing Windows 2003 82
- Part III. Configuration 83
- Configuring virtualization in 83
- Network Configuration 85
- Guest configuration 86
- Disable NetworkManager 86
- Creating the bridge 87
- KVM Para-virtualized Drivers 89
- Modified initrd files 90
- AMD64 and Intel 64 issues 91
- Network performance issues 91
- # yum install virtio-win 92
- 3. Select the device type 93
- Creating guests 102
- Press S to install additional 108
- </disk> 109
- Install the drivers first 110
- 3. Finish the procedure 112
- Press Forward to continue 112
- PCI passthrough 117
- 6. Confirm the new device 123
- # virsh nodedev-list --tree 124
- 13.1. Introduction 127
- 13.2. Using SR-IOV 128
- 13.3. Troubleshooting SR-IOV 131
- Error starting the guest 132
- KVM guest timing management 133
- root (hd0,0) 134
- quiet processor.max_cstate=1 134
- /use pmtimer 135
- Part IV. Administration 137
- Server best practices 139
- Security for virtualization 141
- Testing new attributes 142
- 16.3. SELinux 143
- Non-virtualized environments 145
- Virtualized environments 145
- 17.2. sVirt labeling 146
- KVM live migration 149
- Configuring network storage 150
- Other networking methods 152
- Migrating with virt-manager 153
- Figure 18.1. Add Connection 153
- The libvirt daemon (libvirtd) 166
- 19.3. Transport modes 167
- Remote URIs 168
- Extra URI parameters 168
- Overcommitting with KVM 171
- Important 172
- Always test first 173
- The KSM service 175
- The KSM tuning service 176
- KSM variables and monitoring 176
- Deactivating KSM 177
- 22.1. Guest scheduling 179
- Migrating to KVM from other 181
- Figure 23.2. The storage tab 182
- 23.2.1. virt-v2v 185
- Parameters 186
- .netrc permissions 188
- 23.4. Configuration changes 189
- 24.2. Using qemu-img 193
- Supported formats 194
- Additional output 195
- 24.7. Very Secure ftpd 201
- <clock> 203
- <timer> 204
- </clock> 206
- Introduction to storage 207
- Storage concepts 209
- 25.2. Volumes 210
- Storage pools 213
- Chapter 26. Storage pools 216
- Security warning 219
- LVM-based storage pools 229
- 2. Add a new pool (part 1) 239
- NFS-based storage pools 243
- 2. Create a new pool (part 1) 244
- 27.1. Creating volumes 247
- 27.2. Cloning volumes 247
- Command (m for help): w 250
- Command (m for help): q 250
- # mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1 250
- # mount /dev/sdb1 /myfiles 250
- Miscellaneous storage topics 253
- Single path configuration 254
- Multiple path configuration 255
- # umount /mnt/guestboot 259
- # vgchange -an VolGroup00 259
- WWNN and WWPN validation 264
- Virtualization commands 265
- Managing guests with virsh 267
- Connecting to the hypervisor 269
- Forcing a guest to stop 272
- Getting the UUID of a guest 272
- Displaying guest Information 272
- Displaying host information 273
- Displaying the guests 273
- Configuring virtual CPU count 274
- Configuring memory allocation 275
- Migrating guests with virsh 275
- Managing virtual networks 275
- 31.1. Starting virt-manager 277
- [remotehost]# virt-manager 278
- A note on security and VNC 282
- Displaying guest details 285
- 31.7. Performance monitoring 291
- 31.8. Displaying CPU usage 293
- 31.9. Displaying Disk I/O 294
- 31.10. Displaying Network I/O 295
- Managing a virtual network 297
- Creating a virtual network 301
- Part VII. Troubleshooting 311
- Troubleshooting 313
- 34.2. kvm_stat 314
- 34.3. Log files 317
- 34.6. Loop device errors 318
- Note: BIOS steps 319
- A.1. Online resources 321
- A.2. Installed documentation 321
- Glossary 323
- Appendix B. Revision History 327
- Beta version released 328
- Appendix C. Colophon 329
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